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Abstract

This study determines the relative cost-effectiveness of food and cash transfers when administered to Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV) / Acquired Immune-Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patients on Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) in Zambia. The results show that cash transfers are not only cheaper but also unambiguously more cost-effective with respect to nutrition and health outcomes such as body-mass index (BMI) and Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4) count. This seems to suggest that, whenever market conditions and institutional capacities (banks, personnel, etc.) permit, cash should be given a higher rating by governments and other programming stakeholders than physical food aid as an instrument for influencing health and nutrition outcomes among HIV patients that are on ART.

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